Ujani Dam

Ujani Dam, also known as Bhima Dam, is an earthfill and masonry gravity dam on the Bhima River in Solapur district, Maharashtra. Completed in 1980, it creates a large reservoir that supports irrigation and drinking water supply for the region. The dam's backwaters form the Bhigwan wetland ecosystem, which attracts over 230 bird species including migratory flamingos during winter. It serves as both critical infrastructure and a significant ecotourism destination near Pune.

Visitors can view the dam structure and its extensive reservoir backwaters from designated areas along the Pune-Solapur Highway. The site offers opportunities to observe diverse birdlife, particularly Greater Flamingos and other migratory species between December and March. Boat safaris are available through local operators for closer wetland exploration. The surrounding landscape includes shallow waters, grasslands, and vegetation supporting resident and seasonal wildlife.

Construction began in 1969 and the dam was commissioned in June 1980 as part of post-independence river valley projects to serve irrigation and drinking water needs in Solapur and Bijapur districts. It features Asia's longest underground tunnel (20 km) to carry water from Ujani Dam to the Sina River.

The reservoir's backwaters created the Bhigwan wetland ecosystem, transforming the area into a renowned birdwatching destination often called the 'Bharatpur of Maharashtra'. The site supports local fishing communities and has become an important ecotourism model for conservation in Maharashtra.