Son Bhandar Caves

Son Bhandar Caves are twin rock-cut caves located at the foot of Vaibhar Hill in Rajgir, Nalanda district, Bihar. Dating to the 3rd-4th century CE, they are among the earliest cave temples in eastern India. The caves are associated with Jainism and feature Jain sculptures and an inscription. Notable for their polished interiors, unfinished doorway and legend of a hidden treasure, they are an important archaeological and tourist site in Rajgir.

Visitors can expect two small artificial caves carved into the hillside - an eastern cave and a western cave. The eastern cave is larger with a vaulted chamber and traces of Jain Tirthankara sculptures and an inscription on the doorway. The western cave is smaller and plainer. The site is set against Vaibhar Hill with rocky terrain and steps leading to the entrances. Visitors can explore both chambers, view ancient carvings and enjoy views of the surrounding hills.

The caves are dated to the 3rd-4th century CE during the Gupta period, based on an inscription in the eastern cave mentioning Jain Acharya Vairadeva. They were created as retreats for Jain ascetics and are among the earliest rock-cut caves in eastern India. The interiors show a high polish similar to earlier Mauryan caves. Local legend associates the caves with the treasure of King Bimbisara of Magadha, said to be hidden behind a sealed doorway.

The caves are significant for Jainism as an early Jain monastic site with sculptures of Jain Tirthankaras. They reflect the religious history of Rajgir as an important centre for Jain and Buddhist traditions. The treasure legend and inscription add to their cultural and archaeological interest for visitors and pilgrims.