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Benteng Kuto Besak
Benteng Kuto Besak is an 18th-century fort on the northern bank of the Musi River in Bukit Kecil, Palembang, South Sumatra. Constructed between 1780 and 1797 during the Palembang Sultanate under Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin I and completed under Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II, it is regarded as the only fort in Indonesia built by indigenous rulers with brick and stone. Its massive walls and riverfront plaza face the Ampera Bridge and remain a prominent historic landmark.