Pulau Ubin

Pulau Ubin is a 10.2 sq km island off northeastern Singapore in the Johor Strait, within the North-Eastern Islands planning area. Known as Singapore's last kampong, it preserves rustic village life amid secondary forests, mangroves, abandoned granite quarries and wetlands. Notable for Chek Jawa Wetlands, its biodiversity, cycling trails and heritage villages, it offers a contrast to mainland urban development and is managed by the National Parks Board.

Visitors can expect a rustic, low-development island with unpaved roads, traditional kampong houses, dense secondary forest, mangroves, and former granite quarries now filled with water. The main village near Pulau Ubin Jetty has bicycle rental shops and small eateries. Visitors can cycle or walk along trails to Chek Jawa Wetlands with its boardwalks, mangrove and coastal habitats, visit quarries like Pekan Quarry and Ubin Quarry, see the German Girl Shrine and Sensory Trail, and observe wildlife including wild boars, macaques and birds.

Pulau Ubin was inhabited since the 19th century and developed around granite quarrying, which supplied material for Singapore's development, along with agriculture and aquaculture. Several quarries including Pekan, Ubin and Ketam quarries operated until the 1970s. The island retained traditional kampong settlements while mainland Singapore urbanized, and was later conserved for nature and heritage by the National Parks Board.

Pulau Ubin is regarded as the last kampong in Singapore, preserving traditional village lifestyle, Malay and Chinese kampong heritage, and sites such as the German Girl Shrine, Fo Shan Teng Tua Pek Kong Temple and former kampong houses. It represents rural heritage and community life that has largely disappeared from mainland Singapore.