Phra Sumen Fort

Phra Sumen Fort is a historic riverside fort located at the mouth of Khlong Bang Lamphu where it meets the Chao Phraya River in Phra Nakhon District, Bangkok. Built in 1783 during the reign of King Rama I as one of 14 forts protecting the new Rattanakosin capital, it is one of only two surviving forts. The octagonal brick fort now stands within Santi Chai Prakan Park and is a registered ancient monument notable for its preserved architecture and riverside setting.

Visitors can expect to see a well-preserved octagonal brick fort with crenellated walls and a distinctive hexagonal-roofed tower, set within the landscaped Santi Chai Prakan Park on the bank of the Chao Phraya River. The fort is viewed from the exterior and park grounds, surrounded by mature trees, lawns, benches and river views. The area is used for walking, photography and relaxation, with views of the river, Rama VIII Bridge and historic Bang Lamphu neighborhood.

Built in 1783 during the reign of King Rama I (King Phutthayotfa Chulalok) as part of the fortification of the new capital Krung Rattanakosin. It was one of 14 forts constructed along the city walls and canals to defend against potential invasions. Phra Sumen Fort and Mahakan Fort are the only two forts that survive today. It was built of brick with an octagonal plan and later restored, and is registered as an ancient monument by the Fine Arts Department.

Represents early Rattanakosin military architecture and urban planning. As a preserved ancient monument within Santi Chai Prakan Park, it serves as a cultural landmark and public recreation space for the Bang Lamphu community, reflecting the heritage of Bangkok's historic old city and riverside lifestyle.