Maidan

Maidan is a vast urban park and open field in central Kolkata, West Bengal, often called the lungs of the city. Stretching from Esplanade in the north to Alipore in the south, it covers about 400 hectares around Fort William. Established in the 18th century as an open ground for the fort, it is notable for its expansive greenery, historic surroundings, and role as Kolkata's largest public open space.

Visitors can expect a large, flat, open green expanse with grassy fields, tree-lined avenues, and wide pathways. The area is dotted with sports fields, walking and jogging tracks, and open spaces used for leisure and recreation. Surroundings include Fort William, Victoria Memorial, Eden Gardens, and several colonial-era buildings. Visitors can walk, relax on the grass, enjoy horse rides, photography, and views of the city skyline.

Maidan was created in 1758 after the British East India Company built the new Fort William following the Battle of Plassey. The surrounding dense jungle was cleared to create a clear field of fire for the fort and to form an open esplanade. Over time it became a key military parade ground and later a major public open space in colonial Calcutta.

Maidan is regarded as the cultural and recreational heart of Kolkata, serving as a daily leisure space for residents, a venue for sports such as football and cricket, and a historic gathering ground known as Brigade Parade Ground. It is valued as an urban green lung and is closely associated with the city's colonial heritage and public life.