Karnala Bird Sanctuary

Karnala Bird Sanctuary is a protected area located in Panvel Taluka, Raigad District, Maharashtra, situated along the Mumbai-Goa Highway. Established in 1968 as Maharashtra's first bird sanctuary, it spans approximately 12.11 square kilometers around the historic Karnala Fort. The sanctuary hosts over 220 bird species and more than 100 butterfly species within its moist deciduous forest ecosystem. It serves as a significant biodiversity hotspot near Mumbai and includes trekking trails leading to ancient fort ruins.

Visitors can explore forest trails and trek to the historic Karnala Fort ruins atop a hill within the sanctuary. The site offers opportunities for birdwatching with over 220 recorded species and butterfly spotting in a dense forest environment. Facilities include parking, restrooms at the base, and designated nature trails. Visitors should expect steep trekking sections, potential wildlife sightings including monkeys, and strict silence requirements to protect fauna. Plastic items require a refundable deposit upon entry.

Established in 1968 as Maharashtra's first bird sanctuary. The sanctuary encompasses Karnala Fort, a historic hill fort that served as a strategic watchtower overlooking ancient trade routes between the Konkan coast and the Deccan plateau.