Borra Caves

Borra Caves are natural karst limestone caves located in the Ananthagiri Hills of Alluri Sitharama Raju district, Andhra Pradesh, about 90 km from Visakhapatnam. Discovered in 1807, the caves extend over 2 km and feature impressive stalactite and stalagmite formations illuminated for visitors. Situated at about 705 meters elevation, they are among India's largest cave systems and a major attraction of the Araku Valley region, managed by Andhra Pradesh Tourism.

Visitors descend via stairs into a large illuminated cavern with stalactites and stalagmites in varied shapes, formed by the action of the Gosthani River on limestone. The interior is humid and dimly lit with designated walkways, railings and artificial lighting highlighting formations. The surrounding area is forested Eastern Ghats hills with stalls and viewpoints near the entrance. Guides are available to explain formations and the cave's natural features.

Discovered in 1807 by William King George of the Geological Survey of India. The caves are estimated to be about 150 million years old and formed by karst processes as the Gosthani River dissolved limestone deposits in the Eastern Ghats, creating extensive stalactite and stalagmite structures over millennia.

Local tribal legend associates the caves with the discovery of a natural stalagmite resembling a Shiva Lingam by a cowherd, after which the formation became revered. The stalagmite is worshipped as Lord Shiva by local tribal communities and visitors, giving the caves religious significance alongside their natural importance.