Aquem Caves

Aquem Caves are ancient man-made rock-cut chambers located in the village of Aquem on the outskirts of Margao, South Goa. Dating potentially to the early medieval or prehistoric period, these laterite caves consist of two small rooms with pillars and three openings. Although popularly associated with the Pandavas of Hindu mythology, researchers suggest they served as residential or temple caves. The site is a state-protected monument situated directly behind St. Sebastian Chapel.

Visitors can expect to see a small, ancient laterite rock-cut cave structure featuring two chambers and internal pillars located immediately behind St. Sebastian Chapel. The site is an archaeological monument that may lack prominent signage or maintained tourist facilities. Access involves visiting the chapel grounds in Aquem Alto, where the cave entrance is situated. As a protected heritage site, it offers a glimpse into Goa's early medieval history rather than developed recreational amenities.

The caves are considered among the oldest in Goa, with studies suggesting use as residential or temple caves during the prehistoric or early medieval periods. While locally called Pandava Caves, historians note no direct link to the Mahabharata epic. Some theories associate the site with Buddhist missionary Purna from 500 BC, though this remains debated. The adjacent St. Sebastian Chapel was established in 1592 after converting a private Hindu temple known as 'Pandavachem deul'.

The site represents a blend of pre-Christian heritage and Portuguese-era religious adaptation, as the cave lies adjacent to a chapel built over a former Hindu temple. Locals have traditionally referred to it as Pandava Ovreo, reflecting folk associations with ancient legends. It stands as evidence of Goa's early troglodyte habitation and religious transitions.